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2023년 12월 28일 (목) 01:28 판

575 바이트 제거됨 ,  2023년 12월 28일 (목) 01:28
Linguabucheon (토론)의 8127판 편집을 되돌림
===굴절===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; width: 1080px;" ! colspanstyle="2text-align: center; font-weight:bold; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#c0c0c0; color:#000000;" |직설법! Acrostatic root nounstyle="text-align: center; font-weight:bold; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#c0c0c0; color:#000000;" | 1인칭 단수! Acrostatic lengthened root nounstyle="text-align: center; font-weight:bold; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#c0c0c0; color:#000000;" | 2인칭 단수 ! Amphikinetic(?) root nounstyle="text-align: center; font-weight:bold; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#c0c0c0; color:#000000;" | 3인칭 단수! Hysterokinetic ''r''style="text-stemalign: center; font-weight:bold; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#c0c0c0; color:#000000;" | 1인칭 복수! Amphikinetic ''n''style="text-align: center; font-weight:bold; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-stemcolor:#c0c0c0; color:#000000;" | 2인칭 복수! Hysterokinetic ''n''style="text-align: center; font-weight:bold; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-stemcolor:#c0c0c0; color:#000000;" | 3인칭 복수
|-
| style="text-align: center; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif ! colspanimportant;; background-color:#efefef;" | 현재| style="2text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" | [[gloss (annotation)ぶわ| style="text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" |Gloss]]ぶわ| night (f.)style="text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" | ぶわ| moon (m.)style="text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" | foot (m.)ぶをん| father (m.)style="text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" | lake (m.)ぶゑ| bull (m.) (< style="oxtext-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;")| ぶをん
|-
! rowspan| style="7text-align: center; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#efefef;" | Sing.과거| style="text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif ! nom.important;; background-color:#ffffff;" | sinte| {{PIEstyle="text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" |*nókʷt-s}}esmeste| {{PIEstyle="text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" |*mḗh₁n̥-s}}ente| {{PIE|*pṓdstyle="text-s}}| {{PIE|*ph₂talign: center; font-érfamily:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-s}}<ref name=color:#ffffff;"Szemerenyi" group| exnite| style="notetext-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" />| {{PIE|*léymō}}este| {{PIEstyle="text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" |*uksḗn}}essente
|-
| style="text-align: center; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif ! voc.important;; background-color:#efefef;" | 미래| {{PIEstyle="text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" |*nókʷt}}sintis| {{PIEstyle="text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" |*mḗh₁n̥s}}esmestis| {{PIEstyle="text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" |*pód}}entis| {{PIEstyle="text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" |*ph₂tér}}exnitis| {{PIEstyle="text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" |*léymon}}estis| {{PIEstyle="text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" |*úksen}}essentis
|-
| style="text-align: center; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif ! acc.important;; background-color:#efefef;" | 현재완료| {{PIEstyle="text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" |*nókʷtm̥}}simea| {{PIEstyle="text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" |*mḗh₁n̥sm̥}}esmesea| {{PIEstyle="text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" |*pódm̥}}ensea| {{PIEstyle="text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" |*ph₂térm̥}}exnisea| {{PIEstyle="text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" |*léymonm̥}}essea| {{PIEstyle="text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" |*uksénm̥}}essenia
|-
| style="text-align: center; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif ! inst.important;; background-color:#efefef;" | 과거완료| {{PIEstyle="text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" |*nékʷt(e)h₁}}sinela| {{PIEstyle="text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" |*méh₁n̥s(e)h₁}}esmela| {{PIEstyle="text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" |*pedéh₁}}enela| {{PIEstyle="text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" |*ph₂tr̥éh₁}}exnela| {{PIEstyle="text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" |*limnéh₁}}ēla| {{PIEstyle="text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" |*uksn̥éh₁}}essenela
|-
| style="text-align: center; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif ! dat.important;; background-color:#efefef;" | 가정| {{PIEstyle="text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" |*nékʷtey}}sinela| {{PIEstyle="text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" |*méh₁n̥sey}}esmela| {{PIEstyle="text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" |*pedéy}}enela| {{PIEstyle="text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" |*ph₂tr̥éy}}exnela| {{PIEstyle="text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" |*limnéy}}ēla| {{PIEstyle="text-align: center; font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;; background-color:#ffffff;" |*uksn̥éy}}essenela
|-
! abl./gen.
| {{PIE|*nékʷts}}
| {{PIE|*méh₁n̥sos}}
| {{PIE|*pedés}}
| {{PIE|*ph₂tr̥és}}
| {{PIE|*limnés}}
| {{PIE|*uksn̥és}}
|-
! loc.
| {{PIE|*nékʷt(i)}}
| {{PIE|*méh₁n̥s(i)}}
| {{PIE|*péd(i)}}
| {{PIE|*ph₂tér(i)}}
| {{PIE|*limén(i)}}
| {{PIE|*uksén(i)}}
|-
! Dual
! nom./voc./acc.
| {{PIE|*nókʷth₁e}}
| {{PIE|*mḗh₁n̥sh₁e}}
| {{PIE|*pódh₁e}}
| {{PIE|*ph₂térh₁e}}
| {{PIE|*léymonh₁e}}
| {{PIE|*uksénh₁e}}
|-
! rowspan="6" | Plur.
! n.-v.
| {{PIE|*nókʷtes}}
| {{PIE|*mḗh₁n̥ses}}
| {{PIE|*pódes}}
| {{PIE|*ph₂téres}}
| {{PIE|*léymones}}
| {{PIE|*uksénes}}
|-
! acc.
| {{PIE|*nókʷtn̥s}}
| {{PIE|*mḗh₁n̥sn̥s}}
| {{PIE|*pódn̥s}}
| {{PIE|*ph₂térn̥s}}
| {{PIE|*léymonn̥s}}
| {{PIE|*uksénn̥s}}
|-
! inst.
| {{PIE|*nékʷtbʰi}}
| {{PIE|*méh₁n̥sbʰi}}
| {{PIE|*pedbʰí}}
| {{PIE|*ph₂tr̥bʰí}}
| {{PIE|*limn̥bʰí}}
| {{PIE|*uksn̥bʰí}}
|-
! dat./abl.
| {{PIE|*nékʷtm̥os}}
| {{PIE|*méh₁n̥smos}}
| {{PIE|*pedmós}}
| {{PIE|*ph₂tr̥mós}}
| {{PIE|*limn̥mós}}
| {{PIE|*uksn̥mós}}
|-
! gen.
| {{PIE|*nékʷtoHom}}
| {{PIE|*méh₁n̥soHom}}
| {{PIE|*pedóHom}}
| {{PIE|*ph₂tr̥óHom}}
| {{PIE|*limn̥óHom}}
| {{PIE|*uksn̥óHom}}
|-
! loc.
| {{PIE|*nékʷtsu}}
| {{PIE|*méh₁n̥su}}
| {{PIE|*pedsú}}
| {{PIE|*ph₂tr̥sú}}
| {{PIE|*limn̥sú}}
| {{PIE|*uksn̥sú}}
|-
| colspan="8" |
|-
! colspan="2" |
! Proterokinetic neuter ''r/n''-stem
! Amphikinetic collective neuter ''r/n''-stem
! Amphikinetic ''m''-stem
! Proterokinetic ''ti''-stem
! Proterokinetic ''tu''-stem
! Proterokinetic neuter ''u''-stem
|-
! colspan="2" | gloss
| water (n.)
| water(s) (n.)
| earth (f.)
| thought (f.)
| taste (m.)
| tree (n.)
|-
! rowspan="7" | Sing.
! nom.
| rowspan="3" | {{PIE|*wódr̥}}
| rowspan="3" | {{PIE|*wédōr}}
| {{PIE|*dʰéǵʰō-m}}
| {{PIE|*mént-i-s}}
| {{PIE|*ǵéwstu-s}}
| rowspan="3" | {{PIE|*dóru}}
|-
! voc.
| {{PIE|*dʰéǵʰom}}
| {{PIE|*ménti}}
| {{PIE|*ǵéwstu}}
|-
! acc.
| {{PIE|*dʰéǵʰōm}}
| {{PIE|*méntim}}
| {{PIE|*ǵéwstum}}
|-
! inst.
| {{PIE|*udénh₁}}
| {{PIE|*udnéh₁}}
| {{PIE|*ǵʰméh₁}}
| {{PIE|*mn̥tíh₁}}
| {{PIE|*ǵustúh₁}}
| {{PIE|*drúh₁}}
|-
! dat.
| {{PIE|*udéney}}
| {{PIE|*udnéy}}
| {{PIE|*ǵʰméy}}
| {{PIE|*mn̥téyey}}
| {{PIE|*ǵustéwey}}
| {{PIE|*dréwey}}
|-
! abl./gen.
| {{PIE|*udéns}}
| {{PIE|*udnés}}
| {{PIE|*ǵʰmés}}
| {{PIE|*mn̥téys}}
| {{PIE|*ǵustéws}}
| {{PIE|*dréws}}
|-
! loc.
| {{PIE|*udén(i)}}
| {{PIE|*udén(i)}}
| {{PIE|*ǵʰdʰsém(i)}}
| {{PIE|*mn̥téy (-ēy)}}
| {{PIE|*ǵustéw(i)}}
| {{PIE|*dréw(i)}}
|-
! Dual
! nom./voc./acc.
|
|
|
| {{PIE|*méntih₁}}
| {{PIE|*ǵéwstuh₁}}
| {{PIE|*dórwih₁}}
|-
! rowspan="6" | Plur.
! n.-v.
|
|
|
| {{PIE|*ménteyes}}
| {{PIE|*ǵéwstewes}}
| rowspan="2" | {{PIE|*dóruh₂}}
|-
! acc.
|
|
|
| {{PIE|*méntins}}
| {{PIE|*ǵéwstuns}}
|-
! inst.
|
|
|
| {{PIE|*mn̥tíbʰi}}
| {{PIE|*ǵustúbʰi}}
| {{PIE|*drúbʰi}}
|-
! dat./abl.
|
|
|
| {{PIE|*mn̥tímos}}
| {{PIE|*ǵustúmos}}
| {{PIE|*drúmos}}
|-
! gen.
|
|
|
| {{PIE|*mn̥téyoHom}}
| {{PIE|*ǵustéwoHom}}
| {{PIE|*dréwoHom}}
|-
! loc.
|
|
|
| {{PIE|*mn̥tísu}}
| {{PIE|*ǵustúsu}}
| {{PIE|*drúsu}}
|-
| colspan="8" |
|-
! colspan="2" |
! Neuter ''s''-stem
! Proterokinetic ''h₂''-stem
! Hysterokinetic ''h₂''-stem
! ''eh₂''-stem (''ā''-stem)
! ''o''-stem
! Neuter ''o''-stem
|-
! colspan="2" | Gloss
| cloud (n.)
| woman (f.) (> "queen")
| tongue (f.)
| grain (f.)
| nest (m.)
| work (n.)
|-
! rowspan="8" | Sing.
! nom.
| rowspan="3" | {{PIE|*nébʰo-s}}
| rowspan="2" | {{PIE|*gʷḗn}}
| {{PIE|*dn̥ǵʰwéh₂-s}}
| {{PIE|*dʰoHn-éh₂}}
| {{PIE|*nisd-ó-s}}
| rowspan="3" | {{PIE|*wérǵ-o-m}}
|-
! voc.
| {{PIE|*dń̥ǵʰweh₂}}
| {{PIE|*dʰoHn[á]}}
| {{PIE|*nisdé}}
|-
! acc.
| {{PIE|*gʷénh₂m̥}}
| {{PIE|*dn̥ǵʰwéh₂m (-ām)}}
| {{PIE|*dʰoHnéh₂m (-ā́m)}}
| {{PIE|*nisdóm}}
|-
! inst.
| {{PIE|*nébʰes(e)h₁}}
| {{PIE|*gʷnéh₂(e)h₁}}
| {{PIE|*dn̥ǵʰuh₂éh₁}}
| {{PIE|*dʰoHnéh₂(e)h₁}}
| {{PIE|*nisdóh₁}}
| {{PIE|*wérǵoh₁}}
|-
! dat.
| {{PIE|*nébʰesey}}
| {{PIE|*gʷnéh₂ey}}
| {{PIE|*dn̥ǵʰuh₂éy}}
| {{PIE|*dʰoHnéh₂ey}}
| {{PIE|*nisdóey}}
| {{PIE|*wérǵoey}}
|-
! abl.
| rowspan="2" | {{PIE|*nébʰesos}}
| rowspan="2" | {{PIE|*gʷnéh₂s}}
| rowspan="2" | {{PIE|*dn̥ǵʰuh₂és}}
| rowspan="2" | {{PIE|*dʰoHnéh₂s}}
| {{PIE|*nisdéad}}
| {{PIE|*wérǵead}}
|-
! gen.
| {{PIE|*nisdósyo}}
| {{PIE|*wérǵosyo}}
|-
! loc.
| {{PIE|*nébʰes(i)}}
| {{PIE|*gʷnéh₂(i)}}
| {{PIE|*dn̥ǵʰwéh₂(i)}}
| {{PIE|*dʰoHnéh₂(i)}}
| {{PIE|*nisdéy}}
| {{PIE|*wérǵey}}
|-
! Dual
! nom./voc./acc.
| {{PIE|*nébʰesih₁}}
| {{PIE|*gʷénh₂h₁e}}
| {{PIE|*dn̥ǵʰwéh₂h₁e}}
| ?
| {{PIE|*nisdóh₁}}
| {{PIE|*wérǵoy(h₁)}}
|-
! rowspan="6" | Plur.
! n.-v.
| rowspan="2" | {{PIE|*nébʰōs}}
| {{PIE|*gʷénh₂es}}
| {{PIE|*dn̥ǵʰwéh₂es}}
| {{PIE|*dʰoHnéh₂es}}
| {{PIE|*nisdóes}}
| rowspan="2" | {{PIE|*wérǵeh₂}}
|-
! acc.
| {{PIE|*gʷénh₂n̥s}}
| {{PIE|*dn̥ǵʰwéh₂ns (-ās)}}
| {{PIE|*dʰoHnéh₂ns (-ās)}}
| {{PIE|*nisdóns}}
|-
! inst.
| {{PIE|*nébʰesbʰi}}
| {{PIE|*gʷnéh₂bʰi}}
| {{PIE|*dn̥ǵʰuh₂bʰí}}
| {{PIE|*dʰoHnéh₂bʰi}}
| {{PIE|*nisdṓys}}
| {{PIE|*wérǵōys}}
|-
! dat./abl.
| {{PIE|*nébʰesmos}}
| {{PIE|*gʷnéh₂mos}}
| {{PIE|*dn̥ǵʰuh₂mós}}
| {{PIE|*dʰoHnéh₂mos}}
| {{PIE|*nisdó(y)mos}}
| {{PIE|*wérǵo(y)mos}}
|-
! gen.
| {{PIE|*nébʰesoHom}}
| {{PIE|*gʷnéh₂oHom}}
| {{PIE|*dn̥ǵʰuh₂óHom}}
| {{PIE|*dʰoHnéh₂oHom}}
| {{PIE|*nisdóoHom}}
| {{PIE|*wérǵooHom}}
|-
! loc.
| {{PIE|*nébʰesu}}
| {{PIE|*gʷnéh₂su}}
| {{PIE|*dn̥ǵʰuh₂sú}}
| {{PIE|*dʰoHnéh₂su}}
| {{PIE|*nisdóysu}}
| {{PIE|*wérǵoysu}}
|}
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